ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช

ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงื ืช ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžื˜ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช 200-750 ืฉืงืœื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘. ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื 120-200, ืื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ืฉื”ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.

  • ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื™ืฉ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ืชืงืจื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื ื• 4000 ืฉืงืœ ืœืžื˜ืจ, ืงืจืืชื ื ื›ื•ืŸ 4000 ืœืžื˜ืจ ืžืจื•ื‘ืข ืื—ื“.
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืจื•ื‘ ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขืœื” ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงื ืช ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชืื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉืžืœืื™ ืžื•ืกืžืš .

ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ ื’ืœื ื•ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ืชืงื ืช. ืื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื”. ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืชืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืžื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื•.

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช

ืกื•ื’ื™ ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช

ื™ืฉื ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ย  ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืชืงืจื” ืžื˜ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื”.

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื—

ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืžืชื›ืช. ื”ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื”ืจื›ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื, ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.

ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืชืงื ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ืฉืžืœ, ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ืื• ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžืคืจื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื—ืœืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืžืกืชื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื.

ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืชืงืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืคืจื™ืงื” โ€“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื–ื• ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื’ืฉืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืžืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืขืœ ืœืชืงืจื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืชืงืจื•ืช ืจื—ื™ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื’ืœื•ืช ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื’ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืงืฉื™ื.

ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืจืจืช

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื‘ืก ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืจืื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืจืจื™ื ื•ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืžืขื ื” ื ื”ื“ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.

ืชืงืจื” ื–ื• ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืžืขื ื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ ื ื”ื“ืจ ืœืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื’ืœื ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจืขื™ืœื™ื. ื”ืชืงืจื” ืงืœื” ืœืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื.

ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ืช

ืชืงืจื” ื–ื• ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช. ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืฆืžืจ ืกืœืขื™ื, ืžืœืื ื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืง ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื™ื. ืืช ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ืจื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ. ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื, ืฉื”ืžืจืงื ืฉืœื”ื ืกืคื•ื’ื™.

ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ ื ื”ื“ืจ, ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืขืจืš ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ ืœืžื‘ื ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืงืช ืชืงืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืจืžื™ ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื•ืคื’ืช ืจืขืฉื™ื. ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื”ื™ื›ืœื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“.

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ื•ืช

ืืžื ื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ืœืกืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืจืžื™ ื•ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืงื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืŸ ื”ืืกืชื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“.

ืœื ืคืขื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉืœ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืื—ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื ืื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืœืคื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื”ืื™ืฉื™.

ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ื™ื•ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ื” ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืืจื™ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืžืจืื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชืื•ืจื” ื‘ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช

ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื“ ื—ื“ืจื” ืขืžื•ืง ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืจื•ืช ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืจืขื ืŸ.

ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ื›ื™ื•ื ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื“ ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชืื•ืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื. ื•ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืื•ืจื” ืœืฆื“ ื”ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ืชืงืจืช ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืชืงืจื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื.

ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช

ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื—ื›ืžื” = ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืชืืžืช

ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื”ื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื›ื ืžื›ื•ืœื.

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช

ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืย 

ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช. ืžื”ื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช, ืขื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

ืžื”ื• ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื”? ืžื”ื ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื”? ื”ืื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืชืงืจื” ืชืกืคื•ื’ ืจืขืฉื™ื? ืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืชืจืžื™ืช? ืžื”ื ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืชืงืจื” ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช? ืžื”ื• ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืชื ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืชืงืจื”?

ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช

ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ื•ืืจื™ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืงืจืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื•ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืขืœ ืชืงืจื•ืช ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื.

ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืฉืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืงื ื” ืฉืœ ืชืงืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ืก? ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ? ื–ื›ืจื•, ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืขืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ืฉืžืฉ ืืชื›ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื” ื™ืœื•ื•ื” ืืชื›ื ืœืžืฉืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืืจื•ื›ื”!

ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื”ืชืงื ืช ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช? ืœื—ืฆื• ืขืœ ืชืงืจื” ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ืช.